What Ontario grade 5 students learn in mathematics

Your child will be able to read, write, and take apart (decompose) numbers up to 100,000. They will also understand how these numbers are used in everyday life.

Your child will be able to compare and put in order whole numbers up to 100,000, understanding their value in different situations.

Your child will learn to show fractions that are equal to each other, such as 1/2 and 2/4, using different tools. This includes fractions where the top number is bigger than the bottom (improper fractions like 3/2) and fractions that combine a whole number and a fraction (mixed numbers like 1 and 1/2).

Your child will be able to compare and put in order different types of fractions, including those where the top number is bigger than the bottom (improper fractions) and fractions combined with whole numbers (mixed numbers), up to twelfths.

Your child will be able to read, write, compare, and put in order decimal numbers (numbers with a decimal point, like 0.5 or 1.25) that go up to the hundredths place.

Your child will be able to round numbers with decimals to the nearest tenth, in different situations.

Your child will be able to explain how fractions, decimals (numbers with a decimal point, like 0.25), and percentages (numbers out of 100, like 25%) are related and can be used to show the same amount, using tools and drawings to help.

Your child will be able to use addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, and understand how these operations relate to each other, to solve problems with whole numbers and decimals. They will also be able to check their answers.

Your child will be able to quickly remember multiplication facts up to 12 x 12, and also understand how to use those facts for division.

Your child will be able to quickly multiply whole numbers by 0.1 (one tenth) and 0.01 (one hundredth) in their head. They will also learn to estimate the total or difference of decimal numbers up to two decimal places, and explain how they figured out their answer.

Your child will be able to solve addition and subtraction problems with whole numbers up to 100,000 and with decimal numbers up to two decimal places (like 1.23). They will use different methods and tools to figure out the answers.

Your child will be able to add and subtract fractions that have the same bottom number (denominator), using different real-life examples.

Your child will be able to solve problems that involve multiplying two-digit numbers by other two-digit numbers. They will learn two ways to do this: using an area model (a visual way to break down the multiplication) and using algorithms (step-by-step calculation methods), and understand how these two methods are related.

Your child will be able to solve division problems with three-digit numbers divided by two-digit numbers. They will learn two ways to do this: using a visual method called an area model and using step-by-step calculations (algorithms). They will also understand how these two methods are related and how to correctly handle any leftover amounts (remainders).

Your child will be able to multiply and divide whole numbers (like 1, 2, 3) by unit fractions (fractions where the top number is 1, like 1/2 or 1/3), using tools or drawings to help them.

Your child will be able to show and create equal ratios (which compare two numbers, like 1 apple for every 2 oranges) and rates (which compare two different things, like kilometers per hour), using different tools and examples in everyday situations.

Your child will be able to recognize and explain different kinds of patterns, like ones that repeat (e.g., ABABAB), ones that grow (e.g., 2, 4, 6, 8), and ones that shrink (e.g., 10, 8, 6, 4), including how these patterns appear in everyday life.

Your child will be able to make and change patterns that grow or shrink, using tools like charts (tables of values) and pictures (graphs).

Your child will be able to figure out the rules for patterns and use those rules to continue the patterns, guess what comes next and explain why, and find missing parts in patterns that repeat, grow, or shrink.

Your child will be able to make and explain patterns using whole numbers and decimals (numbers with parts like 3.5 or 4.25) to show how these numbers relate to each other.

Your child will be able to show the same math idea in different ways, like using words, math sentences (algebraic expressions), or pictures, to explain relationships that are equal (equivalent).

Your child will be able to solve math problems that use letters (called variables) to stand for whole numbers.

Your child will be able to solve math problems with whole numbers up to 100, and check their answers to make sure they are correct.

Your child will be able to solve simple math problems that show a relationship between numbers, like knowing that "x is greater than 5." They'll check their answers and show them on a number line.

Your child will be able to solve math problems and show their work using computer code. This includes writing and running code that uses "if-then" statements (conditional statements) and other ways to control how the code works.

Your child will be able to read and change existing computer code, including code that uses "if/then" rules (conditional statements) and other ways to control how the code runs. They will also understand how these changes affect what the code does.

Your child will learn why it's important to choose a good variety of items (sampling techniques) when collecting information, so that the information truly represents the larger group (population) it came from.

Your child will learn how to gather information to answer questions about a group of people or things, and then organize that information into tables that show how often each item appears compared to the total.

Your child will be able to choose the best type of graph, like a stacked-bar graph, to show different information. They will also be able to create these graphs correctly with titles, labels, and proper scales, and explain why they chose that specific graph.

Your child will be able to make an infographic (a visual way to show information) using a set of data. They will use different ways to show this data, like charts that compare parts to a whole and stacked bar graphs, to tell a story about what the data means.

Your child will be able to find the average (mean), the middle number (median), and the most frequent number (mode) in a set of numbers, including those with decimals. They will also understand what each of these measurements tells us about the data.

Your child will be able to look at different kinds of graphs, including stacked-bar graphs and graphs that might try to trick you, and understand the information they present. They will learn to ask questions about the data, think critically about what they see, and use that information to make good arguments and smart choices.

Your child will learn how to use fractions to show the chance of something happening (this is called probability) and place these chances on a number line. They will then use this information to guess what might happen and make smart choices.

Your child will be able to figure out and compare two types of probability: theoretical probability (what should happen based on math) and experimental probability (what actually happens when you try it out).

Your child will be able to recognize the features of triangles and build different kinds of triangles when given the lengths of their sides or the sizes of their angles.

Your child will be able to find and create shapes that are congruent, meaning they are exactly the same size and shape, such as triangles, rectangles, and parallelograms.

Your child will be able to draw what an object looks like from the top, front, and side, and match these drawings to the correct objects.

Your child will be able to find and describe locations on a grid, like a map, using numbers to say how far over and how far up something is. They will also understand how to explain how to move from one spot to another on that grid.

Your child will be able to move shapes on a grid in different ways: by sliding them (translations), flipping them (reflections), or turning them up to half a circle (rotations). They will also be able to guess what the shape will look like after these movements.

Your child will be able to use metric units (like centimeters or meters) to guess and measure how long things are, how much surface they cover (area), how heavy they are (mass), and how much they can hold (capacity).

Your child will be able to solve problems that involve changing larger metric units (like meters) into smaller ones (like centimeters). They will also understand how metric units are related by tens (for example, 10 millimeters make 1 centimeter).

Your child will be able to compare different angles (the space between two lines that meet) and figure out which one is bigger or smaller by matching them up or by measuring them with everyday objects like paper clips or blocks.

Your child will learn how to use a protractor, which is a tool for measuring angles, to measure and draw angles up to 180 degrees. They will also learn to estimate the size of angles by comparing them to common angles like 90 degrees (a right angle) or 45 degrees.

Your child will understand how the area of rectangles, parallelograms, and triangles are related to each other. This will help them learn the formulas for finding the area of parallelograms and triangles, and use these formulas to solve problems.

Your child will be able to show that two-dimensional shapes (flat shapes like squares or circles) can have the same amount of space inside them (area) but have different distances around their edges (perimeters). They will also use this understanding to solve problems.

Your child will learn about different ways people, groups, and businesses can send and receive money from each other.

Your child will be able to estimate and figure out the total cost of several items, including sales tax, when shopping.

Your child will be able to create simple budgets to help manage money in different situations where people earn and spend.

Your child will learn what credit (borrowing money you pay back later) and debt (money owed) mean, and how these affect choices about money.

Your child will be able to figure out the cost per item (unit rate) for different things they might buy, and understand how to choose the best deal.

Your child will learn about the different types of taxes collected by the Canadian government and how that money is used to pay for community services.